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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/11055/532
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dc.contributor.authorScott, David A-
dc.contributor.authorEvered, Lisbeth A-
dc.contributor.authorSilbert, Brendan S-
dc.date.accessioned2018-05-03T06:02:50Z-
dc.date.available2018-05-03T06:02:50Z-
dc.date.issued2014-03-
dc.identifier.citationThe journal of extra-corporeal technology 2014-03; 46(1): 15-22-
dc.identifier.issn0022-1058-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11055/532-
dc.description.abstractCognitive deterioration can reliably be measured after procedures requiring anesthesia and surgery. Cardiac surgery has had the spotlight because of the high reported incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in early studies, but such effects occur after other surgical procedures as well. "Early" postoperative cognitive dysfunction should be considered as a different phenomenon, relating to acute pharmacological, physiological, and stress-related recovery. The focus should be on what is affecting patients at 3 months, 12 months, and 5 years later. Like with many other aspects of perioperative risk, a significant element is the patient's preoperative cognitive status. We now know that up to one-third of overtly "normal" elective cardiac surgical patients enter surgery with some degree of pre-existing cognitive impairment or, when applying psychogeriatric measures, mild cognitive impairment. The latter is a known prodrome or early stage of the amyloid associated Alzheimer's disease dementia. Inflammatory responses during cardiac surgery have been recognized for years, but our understanding of the complexity of systemic inflammatory response has grown significantly with the ability to assay neurohumoral markers such as interleukins. The blood-brain barrier is made vulnerable by both pre-existing disorders (mild cognitive impairment/amyloid; vascular disease) and by the inflammatory response to surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass. Inflammation affecting the brain at this time may set in motion accelerated neurological and hence cognitive decline that, despite an initial recovery and even functional improvement, may proceed to further long-term decline at an accelerated rate in susceptible individuals. Clinical data are emerging from longer-term studies to support this concern, but evidence for effective preventive or therapeutic strategies is limited.-
dc.language.isoeng-
dc.subject.meshCardiac Surgical Procedures-
dc.subject.meshCausality-
dc.subject.meshCognition Disorders-
dc.subject.meshComorbidity-
dc.subject.meshEncephalitis-
dc.subject.meshIncidence-
dc.subject.meshPostoperative Complications-
dc.subject.meshRisk Assessment-
dc.subject.meshEvidence-Based Medicine-
dc.titleCardiac surgery, the brain, and inflammation.-
dc.typeJournal Article-
dc.typeReview-
dc.identifier.journaltitleThe journal of extra-corporeal technology-
dc.description.pubmedurihttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24779114-
dc.identifier.pubmedid24779114-
item.cerifentitytypePublications-
item.cerifentitytypePublications-
item.grantfulltextnone-
item.openairetypeJournal Article-
item.openairetypeReview-
item.languageiso639-1en-
item.openairecristypehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf-
item.openairecristypehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf-
item.fulltextNo Fulltext-
Appears in Collections:Scholarly and Clinical
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